Multiple Sclerosis
An autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath covering nerves, causing episodes of vision loss, weakness
Symptoms
- Blurred or double vision
- Vision loss
- Numbness or tingling
- Muscle weakness
- Difficulty walking
- Loss of balance
- Poor coordination
- Muscle spasms
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
- Slurred speech
- Tremors
- Bladder problems
- Cognitive difficulties
An autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath covering nerves, causing episodes of vision loss, weakness, numbness, and coordination problems that vary widely between patients. It typically affects young adults, more often women. Acute relapses are treated with high-dose corticosteroids. Long-term disease-modifying therapies range from injectables (interferons) to highly effective infusions like natalizumab and ocrelizumab, which greatly reduce relapse rates. Newer oral drugs (siponimod, ozanimod) and B-cell depleting therapies represent the latest advances. Surgery has no role in treatment.
