A slipped disc is a common cause of back, neck pain along with tingling and numbness in the arms/legs. It occurs when part of the soft centre of a disc slips out through a weak section of the disc. It can cause pressure on nearby nerves. This can cause difficulties with everyday activities such as walking, sitting, bending and lifting.
Many people will be able to manage symptoms of a slipped disc with early diagnosis and treatment. Knowing what causes a slipped disc can help patients to know what symptoms to look out for and the treatment options available.

What is a slipped disc?

The spine is made up of several bony pieces (vertebrae). Between each vertebrae there are soft discs to provide cushioning.
When the centre of the disc slips out of place or bulges through the outer part of the disc it becomes a slipped disc. If the disc puts pressure on a nearby nerve this can cause pain, numbness and weakness.

It can happen anywhere in the spine although commonly affects the lower back (lumbar spine) and neck (cervical spine).

Common Symptoms

Depending on where the slipped disc has occurred and if it is putting pressure on a nerve, there may be several symptoms. Some people may have a slipped disc however have no symptoms.

Common symptoms include:

Lower back/neck pain.

Pain travelling down the legs/arms.

Tingling and numbness in the hands/fingers/feet/legs.

Weakness in the muscles.

Pain with movement.

If you are having increasing weakness or severe neurological symptoms, seek medical advice.

What causes a slipped disc?

Slipped discs can occur due to wear and tear or injury. There are several causes that can lead to someone having a slipped disc.

Age – As we age our discs start to lose some water content and become less flexible.

Incorrect lifting – Lifting heavy objects when twisting or bending can put pressure on the spine.

Sitting for long periods of time – Sitting for long periods of time especially with poor posture and little movement can cause discomfort.

Excess weight – Extra weight can put extra pressure on the spine.

Injury – Falling, accidents or strenuous movement can cause damage.

No strong supporting muscles – Lack of exercise can lead to weak muscles.

Whilst these can increase the chance of someone developing a slipped disc, not everyone will. If you have any symptoms see a qualified healthcare professional.

Diagnosis of a slipped disc at a Neurosciences hospital

Correct diagnosis is important to help decide the best option for treatment. Your doctor will likely ask about your medical history, symptoms and carry out a physical and neurological examination.

Tests may be carried out to help diagnose, these can include;

MRI scan – To help identify the slipped disc and if a nerve is being compressed.

CT scan – In some cases detailed scans can be carried out.

X-ray – Can help with looking at the alignment of the spine and certain bone related issues. It will not directly show a slipped disc.

Neurological examination – To check muscle strength, feeling, reflexes and mobility.

Not everyone will have imaging. Your doctor will decide if this is necessary.

Treatment for a slipped disc

Treatment will depend on the severity of the symptoms, what part of the spine is affected and how much nerve compression there is. Many patients will improve without needing surgery.

1. Medication & Activity modification

Your doctor may prescribe the correct type of painkillers or anti inflammatory medication. You may be advised to make some changes to your activities to help ease symptoms.

Generally prolonged bed rest is not advised. Gentle movement can help.

2. Physiotherapy & Exercise

Physiotherapy can help increase flexibility, strengthen supporting muscles and regain movement. Your physiotherapist may advise you on some exercises to do depending on your condition and level of pain.

Avoid exercises that cause significant pain. Follow an individualised rehabilitation programme.

3. Pain relief

Some patients can benefit from additional pain relief. This can include targeted injections into the spine. This will be considered depending on your diagnosis.

4. Surgery

If you have severe symptoms and have had appropriate non-surgical treatments without improvement, or have significant nerve compression causing increasing weakness or other concerning neurological issues then surgery may be considered.

Depending on the position and type of slipped disc your specialist may advise you to have a discectomy or other suitable spinal surgery. Discuss with your surgeon the benefits, risks and expected recovery.

If you have newly developed urinary/bowel incontinence, difficulty passing urine, numbness around your groin/saddle area or rapid worsening of weakness in your legs this may indicate serious nerve compression. Seek emergency medical help.

When should I see a spine specialist in Agra?

If you have ongoing back/neck pain, pain travelling down your arm/leg, or ongoing numbness, see a qualified spine specialist/neurosurgeon.

Early assessment can help find the cause of your symptoms and may mean you can have medication, physiotherapy, further investigations or surgery.

If you require an assessment for brain, spine or neurological issues then please contact us at Polaris Neurosciences Hospital Agra.

How can I prevent spine issues?

Whilst not all slipped disc can be prevented, there are ways you can help reduce pressure on your spine.

Keep a healthy weight.

Exercise regularly to suit your fitness.

Lift correctly and avoid twisting when lifting heavy objects.

Take regular breaks to move when sitting for long periods of time.

Keep good posture whilst working.

Avoid smoking as this can lead to poor disc health.

See a medical professional if you have ongoing pain or neurological symptoms.

Conclusion

A slipped disc can cause discomfort and affect everyday activities. Many can be treated with non-surgical treatment. Correct diagnosis, medication, physiotherapy and lifestyle changes can help you to recover. In some cases surgery may be required.

If you need treatment for a slipped disc in Agra see a qualified spine specialist/neurosurgeon to understand what is causing your symptoms and what the best treatment option is.

Polaris Neurosciences Hospital Agra

We specialise in neurological and spinal issues. Please contact us directly for more information.
Medical disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not replace professional advice. Always seek professional advice from a qualified healthcare professional.